Listening Part 8: Summarize Spoken Text
PTE Listening Part 8- Sample 4: Summarize The Spoken Text
The seasonal movement of birds and animals from one place to another, basically for survival is what is known as migration. But in human context, the terms do change a little, where they split into two terms not very well-known to many: emigration and immigration. While emigration means permanently leaving one’s native country in order to settle in another one, to the country where he would permanently settle after leaving he is an immigrant. The distinction between voluntary and non-voluntary migration has always been a matter of debate. Even though the motives are often correlated, whenever an individual flees a nation due to political conflict or because of a natural disaster, then that migration is said to be involuntary migration because it was not the individual’s intention to leave the place in the first place but the circumstances forced him to do that. On the other hand, if a person leaves his country because of economic reasons or as a part of labour migration, then that is referred to as voluntary migration. Out of these people who migrate around 7.6% (16.3 million) are estimated to be refugees according to the World Bank. Interestingly, unlike the animals and birds, nomadic movements by humans are not considered to be migrations as these are carried out only seasonally with no intention to settle in the place. Similarly, travel with the purpose of tourism, pilgrimage or travel is also temporary and thus not counted as migration.